Oil furnace



Jan. 5 1926.

v. B. soUNlTzA.

oIL FURNAGE Fild Feb.

INI/ENTOR A TTORNEY A sh Patented Jan. 5, 1926,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

VLLDIIIB B. SOUNITZA, F NEW YGBK, N. Y.

OIL FURNACE.

Application #led February 25, 1925. Serial No. 11,478.

and State of New York` have invented certain new and useful Improvement-s in Oil Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to oil furnaces and has a particular reference to furnaces of a rotating t pe` employing means for gasifyr known scheme.

ing oil be ore it is burned the furnace.

The object. of my invention is to provide a furnace in which the highest economy may u be obtained by burning a mixture of preheated air with hot y ses, the latter being prepared in special c ambers in connection with my furnace. y

My invention is more fully described in o the accompanying specification and drawing in which- Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of my furnace. Fig. 2 is an end view taken in section on the line 2--2, Fig. 1.

My furnace consists of a combustion chamber 1 lined with refractory material 2 inside and enclosed in a metal shell or housing 3. Vents 4 are provided on top for the exhaust gases and a pouring nozzle 5, nor- 30 mallv closed with a plug 6 with a metal cap 7.

The furnace is made in the form of an elongated cylindrical container. with cylindrical apertures 8 at both ends and with expanded central portion for the material to be melted, such as iron, glass etc. Metal cylinders 9 are attached to the ends of the central shell 3 with flanges 10 (bolts 11 or rivets). These cylinders are provided with circular races 12 for the rollers 13 assembled on retaining rings 14. These rollers are supported on semicircular stationary races 15 on standards 16. The races are provided with flanges 17 and 18 in order to retain the rollers in position.

A gear sector 19 is attached to the ring on cylinder` 9 and is in mesh with a pinion 20 on a shaft 21 journaled in the standard 16.

rocket 22 isr mounted on the end of the :fi and is connected with another sprocket 23 by means of a chain 24. rI he sprocket 23 is rotated by an electric motor (not shown). Triggers'oi' dogs 25 are attached to the chain at predetermined"positions, so that the chain reverses its movement every time the dog throws the switch 26 over, thereby reversing the rotation of the driving motor.`

The connections between Y the reversing switch and the motor are not shown,'as they can be niade by anyone skilled in the art of connecting electric motors, by some well The dogs are placed in such positions, that the furnace can be tilted" on both sides only about 90 degrees from the central vertical position, as shown with dotted lines, positions II and III.

The switch 26 is placed rotatively in a horizontal direction on a pin 27, so that it can be moved out of the engagement withy the chain dogs so as to be operated manually.

The ends of the furnace are provided with recesses 28 fitting with slight clearances over cylindrical chambers I 29. These chambers are made in the form of metal shells or housings 30 supported ou standards 16 and lined inside with refractory material 31 which forms walls separating the chambers from the combustion chamber 1. yInclined ducts 32 are provided in these separating walls for the gases, these ducts being adapted to direct the fiame down towards the lowest point of the furnace, where the opposite fiames meet together and become deflected upwards and to the rear towards the exhaust ports 4.

The rear walls of the chambers 29 lare provided with ports 33 normally closed with plugs 34.

The air is brought into the gasifying chambers 29 through pipes 35 which are divided into branches 36 connecting with oval apertures 37 in the lining 31. These apertures or ports 37 are made at an angle, as shown in Fig. 2, so that the air enters tangentially to the inner periphery of the chamber.

The fuel oil is fed into the chambers 29 through fuel pipes 38 terminating outside with funnels 39 through which the oil may be fed inte these pipes from any suitable source.

The pipes are provided with portions bent down in the shape of the letter U, forming 'liquid traps so as to prevent the oil being lbegun to be fed 'into the`pipes 38 through funnels 39, and at the Sametime an air blast is started through pipes 35. The oil is drawn from the pipes by the air and whirled around in the generating chambers in a contactwith the heated walls. A partial combustion of the oil will raise the temperature and maintain it a acertain level, sufficient to decompose the oil and to evaporate it, forming combustible gases and Vapers, at the same time heating the excess of air.

The hot mixture of gases and of the air 'will be then blown inside of the furnace through ports 32 in the walls separating the generating chambers from the combustion chamberof the furnace. The gases follow the path of the arrows 41, meeting in the center at the bottom of the furnace, rising together to the top, and turning are-und to-V wards the exhaust ports 4.

The burning gases, therefore, are com.- pelled to describe a long path, suiicient to produce a complete combustion, at the same time thoroughly washing the inside portions of the furnace and heating the material.

When the melting begins, the furnace may be set into rotation back and forth on its bearings 13 so as to allow the thorough mixing of the melted material.

When melting iron the lining of the furnace may be made of a suitable material, such as silica, so as to produce a beneficial effect on the iron, and I have found that an iron scrap of very poor quality can be converted into a good grade of a soft gray cast iron in my furnace, by this process of oscillating the furnace and bringing the melted iron continuously in contact with fresh portions of the reducing lining, thereby converting the hard pearlite of it into graphite.

Important advantages of my furnace are that it can burn any kind of liquid fuel with a high efficiency, producing high temperature. sufiicient to melt all ordinary metals, including iron, and glass, also that it can improve the quality of gray iron, and is simple and cpnvenient to handle.

Another advantage is that the ames follow a long path in comparison to the length of. the combustion chamber, so that a. ve complete combustion is accomplished (the ame from each gas producing chamber being doubled up back on itself).

I claim as my invention:

l. In an oil furnace, the combination with va combustion chamber, gas generating chambers at the opposite ends of said combustion chamber, wall separating said gas generating chambers from said combustion chambers, said walls being provided with apertures for the gases, said apertures being adapted to direct the gas flames towards the lower portion of said combustion chamber near its center, exhaust ports in said combustion chamber adapted to receive the products of combustion on their return path from the central portion of said combustion chamber, and means to introduce a liquid fuel into said gas producing chambers.

2. In an oil furnace, the combination with a combustion chamber, gas producing chambers at the ends of said combustion chamber, walls separating said gas chambers from said combustion chamber, said walls being provided with apertures for the gases, said apertures being adapted to direct the flame from said gas apertures towards central portlon of said combustion chamber, ports in said combustion chamber adapted to receive the products of combustion on their return path from the central portion of said combustic-n chamber, means to introduce air into said gas chambers, and means to introduce 011 into said gas chambers.

3. In an oil furnace, the combination with a combustion chamber, gas producing chambers at the ends of said combustion chamber, walls separating said gas chambers from said combustion chamber, said walls being provided with apertures for the gases, means to introduce liquid fuel into said gas producing chambers, pipes adapted to deliver air to said gas chambers. the walls of said gas chambers being provided with apertures connected with said air pipes, said apertures being` directed at an angle with the axis of said gas chambers and adapted to cause the rotative movement of the air in said gas chambers.

4. In an oil furnace, the combination with a tubular combustion chamber, the ends of said chamber being open, gas producing chambers in a cooperative relation withsaid combustion chamber, the walls of said gas chambers separating said gas chambers from said combustion chamber. said walls being provided with apertures for the gases` said apertures being adapted to direct thev flame towards the middle portion of said furnace, said combustion chamber being of a larger diameter in the middle than at the ends a charging port in the middle portion of said combustion chamber, means to rigidly support said gas chambers means to introduce air into said gas chambers, means to impart rotative movement to said air inside of said gas chambers, means to introduce liquid fuel in the path of said air in said gas chambers, means to rotatively support said combustion chamber, and means to automatically limit the rotative movements of said combustion"chamber, said furnace being adapted to be rotated while in operation.

5. In an oil furnace, the combination with a cylindrical combustion chamber, a spout on said chamber, exhaust ports on said chamber, said spout and said exhaust ports being arranged on the cylindrical portion of said chamber, means to rotatively support said chamber, gas generating chambers adjacent to the open ends of said combustion chamber, walls separating said gas generat- 1ng chambers from said combustion chamber, said walls being provided with narrow apertures for the gases, and means to introduce air and fuel into said gas generating chambers.

6. In an oil furnace, the combination with a combustion chamber, the central portion of said chamber being of a larger cross section than its end portions, the `and portions being provided with large apertures, means to rotativel support sald chamber, a spout in the mid le portion of said chamber, gas generating chambers adjacent to the open ends of said combustion chamber, walls in said gas chambers separating them from said combustion chamber, said walls being pro, vided with narrow apertures, means to support said gas generating chambers and means to introduce air and fuel into said gas chambers.

Signed at New York in the county of 0 New York and State of New York February A. D. 1925.

VLADIMIR B. SOUNITZA. 

